This Hardy-Weinberg calculator finds allele and genotype frequencies in a population at equilibrium. Enter one known frequency above to solve for p, q, and the genotype proportions.
Formulas
p + q = 1 p² + 2pq + q² = 1
- p² — homozygous dominant, 2pq — heterozygous, q² — homozygous recessive
Example
If q² = 0.04, then q = 0.2, p = 0.8, so 2pq = 0.32 heterozygotes and p² = 0.64.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do I use the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
Take the square root of the recessive genotype frequency for q, then p = 1 – q, and compute the genotype proportions.
What does Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium mean?
It describes stable allele frequencies in a large, randomly mating population with no selection, mutation, or migration.
What is 2pq?
It is the frequency of heterozygous individuals in the population.